Tuesday, March 11th 2014
KIND
OF SENTENCES
TIME ORDER SIGNALS
1.
Word
- Finally,
- First (Second, Third, etc.)
- Meanwhile,
- Later,
- Next,
- Now,
- Soon,
- Then,
2.
Phrases
- At last
- At 12:00
- After a while,
- After than,
- Before beginning the lesson
- In the morning
- The next day,
CLAUSE
A clause is a group of words
that contains at least one subject and one verb.
Example: Anna left the party early
- Type of clauses
1. Independent/main clause
o
Can
be a sentence by itself
o
Simple
sentence
o
Every
sentence contains at least one main clause
o
An
independent clause may form part of a complex
sentence, but also makes sense on its own
o
Example:
Anna left the party early
2. Dependent/subordinate
o
Cannot
be a sentence by itself because its meaning is not complete
o
It
depends on something else to complete its meaning
o
Depends
on a main clause for its meaning. Together with a main clause, a dependent
clause forms part of a complex sentence
o
Example:
Anna left the party [independent clause], because she was tired [dependent
clause]
o
Exampe:
.....Because she was tired | .....While you count to 10.
KIND OF SENTENCES
1.
Simple
Sentence
2.
Compound
Sentence
3.
Complex
Sentence
4.
Compound–complex
Sentence
Sentence is a group of words that contains:
- At least 1 subject and 1 verb
- Expresses a complete thought
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Example:
Filmmaker
George Lucas has changed the film industry in many ways
U : Subject
Italic : Verb
- The subject tells who or what did
something
- The
verb tells the action (jump, work, or think) or condition (was, seem, appear)
Note:
Subject & Verb – 1 pair
COMPOUND SENTENCE
- A compound sentence is composed of at
least 2 simple sentences joined by comma and coordinating conjunction.
- Has its own formula:
o
The
Gold disappeared with the mice, the greedy man got not nothing
- Coordinating conjunction
o
And –
alike
o
But –
opposites
o
So –
result of first sentence
o
Or –
choices or alternatives
o
For
o
Nor
o
Yet
COMPLEX SENTENCE
- A combination of one independent clause
and one (or more) dependent clause.
- Structure
o
The
clauses can be in order, however the punctuation will be different.
o
Example:
Anna left the
party early because she was tired. (no ,)
Because she
was tired, Anna left the party early.
- Rule
o
When
dependent clause comes first in the sentence, separate the clauses with a
comma.
o
When
the independent clause comes first, do not separate them.
SUBORDINATOR
- A dependent clause always begins with a
subordinator
- Example:
Because she was tired, Anna left the party early.
Before you apply to college, you have to take an entrance.
- Linking words that are used to join
clauses together
1. Time
Tells when
something happens.
2. Reason
Why something
happens.
3. Place
Where
something happens.
- Time
subordinators
o
After
o
As*
o
As
soon as
o
Before
o
Since
o
Until
o
When
o
Whenever
o
While
- Reason
subordinators
o
Because
o
Since
o
As*
- Place
subordinators
o
Where
o
Whenever
COMPARISON
OR CONTRAST PARAGRAPH
It
is a paragraph which you either compare something, contrast something or both.
Comparison – similarities
Contrast – differences
Why?
- Research paper
- Decision making
- Test or exam papers
How?
1.
First
identify similarities and differences
2.
Find
a topic that you like to explore
- Emphasize more on similarities or
differences?
- If you have 2 or more? Choose which one
has more points
3.
Organize
ORGANIZATION
- Ideas/point of view must be organized well
in paragraph form.
- Therefore:
1. Block arrangement of ideas
2. Point by point arrangement of ideas
BLOCK
Group
all the similarities together in one block and all differences together in one
block.
- All similarities
- All differences
Example:
Lars Ulrich vs. Mike Portnoy
Lars Ulrich, the drummer for Metallica,
and Mike Portnoy, the drummer for Dream Theatre, share some common
similarities, and some great differences in their playing style and kit setup.
Both, Lars and Mike play Tama drums, with full maple shells. Remo heads provide
the resonance for both Mike and Lars. Both drummers play the majority of their
songs with a driving bass line, coming from the bass drums. When given the
chance to solo, both drummers can produce some amazing sounding beats. They
take the cymbals and mix them together in a rather simple sounding way, with
unparalleled rhythm.
However,
even though they both play Tama drums, Lars uses a more traditional “metal”
duble bass drum setup, and Mike plays a much larger triple bass drum kit. Mike
also incorporates some things into his kit that Lars does not. Mike brings a
lot more percussion elements than drums, such as granite blocks, a cowbell,
chimes, and a gong.
While
there are some similarities and differences between the two, both can be
considered masters of their craft and posses amazing speed and control behind
the kit.
POINT-BY-POINT
- You write about similarities and
differences by subtopic.
- Note: if you have a lot to say, write a
paragraph for each one.
- Example
If you are
comparing and contrasting several wireless telephone plans then compare and
contrast them on these subtopics.
o
Cost
of telephone (similarities and differences)
o
Length
of contract (similarities and differences)
o
Reliability
of service (similarities and differences)
- Steps
1. Introduction: get your reader’s attention
and state your purpose which is to discuss three differences/similarities
between your topic
2. The first difference/similarities between
your subjects
3. The second difference/similarities between
your subjects
4. The third difference/similarities between
your subjects
5. Conclusion: summarize your ideas and leave
the reader with a good impression
My Dogs
Although I raised Marcee and Obbie from
puppies, they have completely diverse personalities. Obbie is a six year old,
male, toy Pomeranian whereas Marcee
is a one year old female, Boston carrier. Obbie is small and soft, unlike Marcee who has bristly hair and
is much bigger. Marcee insists on sleeping on the bed, under the covers every
night. On the other hand, Obbie will
only sleep on the floor, under the bed. Obbie is tremendously loyal and
uptight, however, Marcee is hyper
and friendly to anyone she meets or sees. Around other dogs, Marcee cowers to
the larger dog, yet Obbie will
always stand his ground, never giving up until he is scolded. Given that they
were both treated the same way all their life, it is hard to believe that they
are so different in everything they do.
In class assignment
Technology genius: Bill Gates and Steve Jobs
Research about Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. Then make a compare/contrast paragraph using one form the two arrangement
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